Criteria for evaluation the seismic effect of blasting

Abstract

The explosion that caused by blasting is accompanied by the release of a large amount of energy. That energy can be used for rock mass destruction. At the same time, one part of that energy is utilized for rock destruction while the second one gets lost in the rock mass in the form of seismic wave. Regarding that, blasting effects can be divided into two categories such as: useful work and useless work. Useful work is manifested in form of crushing and milling of the rock material in the limited zone around explosive matter and is defined as brisant effect of explosion. Useless work is a phenomenon known as seismic effect of explosion. Useless work is associated with the elastic displacement i.e., the oscillation of the rock mass particles in a very large space around the place of explosion and is felt as a shock. Oscillation velocity of the induced rock mass is most often taken as the parameter for the evaluation the seismic effect of blasting. It is considering that the oscillation velocity best relates and describes the danger of shocks and damages which can be caused, so the appropriate standards for the shock protection are based on the data related to the oscillation velocity. In many countries, regulations that control the shock level caused by blasting activities have been adopted. For our country, these regulations have not yet been adopted, so we used the regulations of other countries to solve these problems. In this paper, criterion of the Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, criterion according to the Russian standards for mining objects, criterion according to the German standards DIN and criterion according to the USA standards are presented.